中科搅拌车分析混凝土搅拌车上装部分常见故障
Analysis of common faults in the loading part of concrete mixer truck by Zhongke mixer truck
混凝土搅拌车由上装和底盘组成，当上装出现故障的时候，要了解故障出现的性质：结合搅拌车的车龄，是突然出现还是一直都有，重载和空车时故障是否依然存在，转速不同时故障有无差别，在分析故障原因时，这些因素都是需要考虑的。
The concrete mixer is composed of the upper and the chassis. When the upper mounting fails, the first thing to know is the nature of the failure: in combination with the age of the mixer, whether it appears suddenly or all the time, whether the failure still exists when the mixer is loaded and empty, whether the failure differs when the speed is different, and these factors need to be considered when analyzing the cause of the failure.
一、罐体抖动
1、 Can body shake
搅拌车的罐体在轴线上，正常状态下罐体运行稳定。由于积料或料运转不均匀，就会导致罐体偏移，罐体工作中就会出现抖动。由于积料造成的抖动故障具体表现在：1，罐体抖动呈现周期性变化 2，罐体转动一周抖动不超过两次。如果罐体抖动没有规律，可以检查油箱油液是否浑浊，减速机是否有损坏导致油液混入金属颗粒。
The center of gravity of the tank body of the mixer is on the axis, and the tank body operates stably under normal conditions. Due to the uneven operation of the accumulated materials or materials, the center of gravity of the tank body will shift, and the tank body will vibrate during operation. The jitter fault caused by the accumulation of materials is specifically shown as follows: 1. The jitter of the tank body presents periodic change; 2. The jitter of the tank body does not exceed twice in one cycle. If the tank shakes irregularly, check whether the oil in the tank is turbid, and whether the reducer is damaged and the oil is mixed with metal particles.
二、噪音
2、 Noise
，液压系统本身在输出功率时就会有声音，尤其在大功率输出时，所以如果空车就有大功率输出的规律性噪音时，应排除罐体严重积料的可能。如果是沉重的轰鸣声，应考虑空气混入的因素；如果声音比较尖锐，又要分高压溢流噪音和机械原因导致的噪音，在重载时，如果负载过大并超出系统溢流阀的设定值，系统会溢流，此时会产生急剧的嚣叫声，同时伴随油温迅速升高。机械原因的噪音往往会随着发动机的转速提高而产生。
First of all, the hydraulic system itself will have sound when outputting power, especially when outputting high power. Therefore, if there is regular noise of high-power output when the vehicle is empty, the possibility of serious material accumulation of the tank body should be excluded. If it is a heavy roar, the factor of air mixing should be considered; if the sound is sharp, the high-pressure overflow noise and the noise caused by mechanical reasons should be divided. In case of heavy load, if the load is too large and exceeds the set value of the system overflow valve, the system will overflow, at this time, there will be a sharp roar, accompanied by the rapid rise of oil temperature. Mechanical noise is often generated as the engine speed increases.
三、重载无力
3、 Heavy load weakness
如果搅拌车出现重载无力的情况，可以考虑搅拌车车龄。拆开滤芯检查，如果在滤芯内发现金属粉末、铜沫甚大块金属物，即可断定液压泵或马达磨损。
If the mixer truck is too heavy and weak, the age of the mixer truck can be considered first. Disassemble the filter element for inspection. If metal powder, copper foam or even large metal objects are found in the filter element, it can be concluded that the hydraulic pump or motor is worn.
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